This page by Carl Mickelsen archived from https://web.archive.org

text only version

Timeline: 19th Century Europe/North America

           1800-24       

         1825-49       

         1850-74       

         1875-99       

1800: Fichte - The Vocation of Man
1800: Schelling - System of Transcendental Philosophy
1807: Hegel - The Phenomenology
1818: Schopenhauer - The World as Will and Idea

1830-42: Comte - Course in Positive Philosophy
1843: Kierkegaard - Either/Or
1843: Feuerbach - Essence of Christianity
1844: Marx - Economic & Philosophic Manuscripts 

1861: Mill - Utilitarianism

1877: Peirce - The Fixation of Belief
1887: Nietzsche - Beyond Good and Evil
1897: James - The Will to Believe

<-----------------------Classic--------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------Romantic-----------------------------------------------------|
                                                                                                                |----Impressionistic---->
<-
Haydn-|                               |-------------------------------Brahms-------------------------------------|
<----------Beethoven--------|                |----------------------Tchaikovsky------------------------------|
               |--------------------Chopin-----------------|             |------------------Mahler------------------->
                  |-------------------------------------
Wagner---------------------------------|

<----------Goya-------------|           |---------------------------------Degas--------------------------------->
<------
--David-------------|                    |----------------------------Cézanne----------------------------->
<-------------------------------Delacroix--------------------------------|--------------Lautrec---------------->
                                                           |-----------------------------
Rodin------------------------------->
                                                                                 |----------------
-van Gogh---------------|

1807: Wordsworth - Ode, Intimations of Immortality
1808: Goethe - Faust (Pt. 1)
1818: Shelley - Frankenstein

1827: Heine - Book of Songs
1842: Gogol - Dead Souls (Vol. 1)

1853: Dickens - Bleak House
1857: Baudelaire - Flowers of Evil
1857: Flaubert - Madam Bovary
1866: Swinburne - Poems & Ballads

1877: Ibsen - Pillars of Society
1879: Dostoyevsky - The Brothers Karamazov
1883: Maupassant - A Woman's Life
1885: Zola - Germinal
1888: Bellamy - Looking Backward
1894: Wilde - Salomé

1808: Fourier - The Social Destiny of Man
1813: Owen - New View of Society
1817: Ricardo - Principles of Political Economy and Taxation
1819: Sismondi - New Principles of Political Economy

1844-77: Walras - Elements of Pure Economics
1845: Engels - Condition of the Working Class in England
1846: Proudhon - Philosophy of Poverty
1847: Considérant - Principe du socialisme
1848: Mill - Principles of Political Economy
1848: Marx/Engels: Communist Manifesto

1859: Mill - On Liberty
1862: Spencer - First Principles
1865: Bakunin - Revolutionary Catechism 
1867: Marx - Capital (Vol. 1)
1869: Mill - The Subjection of Women
1871: Jevons - The Theory of Political Economy

1883: Dilthey - Introduction to the Social Sciences
1890: Marshall - Principles of Economics
1899: Veblen - Theory of the Leisure Class
1899: Lenin - The Development of Capitalism in Russia

1800: Volta produces 1st electric battery
1804: Jacquard patents automatic loom
1808: Dalton - New System of Chemical Philosophy
1809: Lamarck - Zoological Philosophy
1820: Oersted - Experiments ... electrical conflict on a magnetic needle
1821: Faraday demonstrates continual conversion of electrical to mechanical energy 

1830: Lyell - Principles of Geology
1831: Faraday demonstrates principle of induction
1837: 1st electric telegraph line 
1839: Schleiden & Schwann - develop cell theory
1840: Joule - develops concept of the conservation of energy
1847: Helmholtz - On the Conservation of Force

1856: Ferrel - Winds and Currents of the Ocean
1859: Darwin - Origin of the Species
1866: Mendel - Experiments w/ Plant Hybrids
1869: Mendeleyev - Periodic Table
1873: Maxwell - Electricity and Magnetism 

1876: Koch identifies a germ connected w/ a specific disease (anthrax)
1876: Bell patents telephone 
1876: Otto patents internal combustion engine
1879: Edison creates commercially practical incandescent lamp 
1882: Edison develops electricity generating plant 
1885: Pasteur - rabies vaccine
1893: Mach - The Science of Mechanics
1895: Röntgen - discovers x-rays
1897: Thomson - discovers the electron
1898: Curies discover radium and polonium

                                                    <--------Various Wars---------->
<
------------1st Industrial Cycle-----------|---2nd Industrial Cycle---|-------3rd Industrial Cycle------->
                       
(textiles)                             (railway, iron)          (chems, steel, electric machinery)

1804: Napoleon voted emperor 
1806-22: Wars of South American Independence
1807: Great Britain prohibits slave trade
1811: Luddites attack mechanization
1814-15: Congress of Vienna
1815: Napoleon defeated at Waterloo 
1824: Combination Acts repealed in England

1825: Decembrist rising against Tsar Nicholas I
1829: Catholic Emancipation Act 
1830: 1st passenger railway 
1833: Factory Act bans employment of children under 9 
1833: Slavery abolished in British colonies 
1848: "Year of Revolutions"

1861: Alexander II abolishes serfdom
1861: Italy unified
1861-65: American Civil War
1864: International Workingmen's Assoc. founded
1867: Mill petitions Parliament for women's suffrage 
1871: Germany unified 
1871: Paris Commune
1871: Trade unions legalized in Britain 


1881: 1st pogrom (after assassination of Alexander II)
1883: Bismarck introduces sickness insurance 
1884: Berlin West Africa Conference
1894: Dreyfus convicted of treason
1899: 1st Hague Peace Conference

  

©Carl Mickelsen